@article { author = {Koura, Manal}, title = {8th International Conference of High Institute of Public Health – Alex Health 2016}, journal = {Journal of High Institute of Public Health}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {38-40}, year = {2016}, publisher = {High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University}, issn = {2357-0601}, eissn = {2357-061X}, doi = {10.21608/jhiph.2016.20586}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20586.html}, eprint = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20586_4d8f28fe70b05fac5cf67d196029255c.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Salam, Doaa and Abdel-Khalek, Ekram}, title = {Pattern and Barriers of Physical Activity among Medical Students of Al-Jouf University, Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Journal of High Institute of Public Health}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {41-48}, year = {2016}, publisher = {High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University}, issn = {2357-0601}, eissn = {2357-061X}, doi = {10.21608/jhiph.2016.20080}, abstract = {Background: Physical inactivity is a public health problem in Saudi Arabia. Physical inactivity is associated with several chronic diseases, increased medical care costs and premature death. Objectives: To determine the pattern of physical activity, the predictors of physical inactivity and the perceived barriers of physical activity among students in College of Medicine at Al-Jouf University, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 283 medical students in the age group of 19-33 years. The Arabic short form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure physical activity. Analysis was done according to the guidelines for data processing and analysis of the IPAQ. Results: Overall, 60.1% of the students were physically inactive. Only 38.2% of the students performed vigorous physical activity, 21.9% moderate-intensity physical activity and 33.2% walking activities, which met World Health Organization criteria of health-enhancing physical activities. The significant predictors of physical inactivity were low father education, dead or retired father, mothers not working for cash, families with five members or more and non-participation in sports clubs. The significant barriers of physical activity among physically inactive students were time limitations, lack of money, lack of safe sport places, not being interested in sports and body cannot tolerate physical activity. Conclusion: The majority of medical students of Al-Jouf University in Saudi Arabia are physically inactive. Overcoming perceived barriers may increase physical activity among university students}, keywords = {Physical activity,university students,Saudi Arabia,IPAQ}, url = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20080.html}, eprint = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20080_7caccbfa81225ec30a77aa75fa59802a.pdf} } @article { author = {Noweir, Kamal and El- Marakby, Fadia and Yousef, Hend and Zaki, Gehan}, title = {Occupational Exposure to Some Environmental Physical Factors as Related to Productivity in the Garment Industry of Egypt}, journal = {Journal of High Institute of Public Health}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {49-60}, year = {2016}, publisher = {High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University}, issn = {2357-0601}, eissn = {2357-061X}, doi = {10.21608/jhiph.2016.20590}, abstract = {Background: Garment industry in Egypt has been estimated in 2008 to be about 458 enterprises (employing 103,000 workers) representing 42.0% of the overall textile and garments industries, and 4.8% of the total private sector enterprises. Al-Mahalla Al-Kubra, which is the greatest city of El- Gharbia Governorate houses 263 (57.4%) of these enterprises (employing 12,209 workers). The occupational exposure to physical hazards may adversely affect workers' comfort, health, performance and productivity. Objective(s): This study was designed to assess the relation between work stresses imposed by exposure to physical hazards and productivity in Garment industry in that city. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in five garment enterprises in Al-Mahalla Al-Kobra city. The five enterprises included two public and three private sector units, representing 12% of the total number of garments' workers within the city.  The collected data included data from records, workers' and employers' or managers' interview, and the results of the physical hazards' assessments. Since it was difficult to calculate the workers' productivities directly from enterprises' records, the productivities of the workers were computed as follows:  % of productivity = Standard workers' productivity (100%) - % deficiency in his or her productivity from the standard. Results: The higher percent productivity reported in the Private sector enterprises (86.5%, 86.5% and 100% in C, D, and E enterprises respectively) than in the Public (71.5% and 54.7% in A and B enterprises respectively) may be attributed to the production payment regimen common in the former than in the latter. The workers in the Private-sector enterprises were keen to achieve the greatest production to get maximum payment. This may also interpret the considerably higher workers' attendance (less absenteeism) among Private-sector workers than in the Public-sector ones.                                                                       Conclusions: The deleterious effects of workers' exposure to physical hazards; heat, noise and vibration, and improper illumination on their productivity are clearly demonstrated in the present study. Attention should be directed towards the control of these hazards and improving the work environment of the garment industry in Egypt, particularly in the Public sector enterprises.}, keywords = {Ready Made Garment Industry,productivity,Physical hazards,Al-Mahalla Al-Kubra,Egypt}, url = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20590.html}, eprint = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20590_bd19a1f24280cbd4db6212aceccfecb7.pdf} } @article { author = {Awad Allah, Marwa and Salem, Ghada and Said, Randa}, title = {Enhancement of Disaster Management and First Aid Rules for Primary School Teachers in Egypt}, journal = {Journal of High Institute of Public Health}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {61-68}, year = {2016}, publisher = {High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University}, issn = {2357-0601}, eissn = {2357-061X}, doi = {10.21608/jhiph.2016.20196}, abstract = {Background:  Genuine injuries have been reported at schools. Given that schools might not have any trained healthcare providers, teachers will provide first aid to students. Objective(s): To assess knowledge and skills regarding first aid and disaster management among primary school teachers, and evaluate the effectiveness of first aid and disaster management training program on knowledge and skills of those teachers. Methods: Intervention study, in the form of a training program on 43 teachers from two primary schools in Zagazig district, was performed. Evaluation was done through comparing school teachers’ first aid and disaster management knowledge and skills before and after intervention by the use of a questionnaire and an observational checklist. Results: The percent of teachers with satisfactory first aid knowledge increased from 7.0% to 46.5% while for satisfactory practice, the percent increased from 4.7% to 51.2% after intervention. For satisfactory disaster management knowledge, the percent increased from 9.3% to 58.1% while for satisfactory disaster management practice, the percent increased from 2.3% to 23.6% after intervention with a statistically significant difference. Conclusions: First-aid and disaster management training program is an effective tool for improving teachers' knowledge and practice. Recommendation: First aid and disaster management training program should be one of the pre-placement and in service training programs for primary school teachers to protect the life of children.                                                                                                                                 }, keywords = {Disaster management,First aid,School teachers,Training program}, url = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20196.html}, eprint = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20196_81360a47b37bbffe5778c0fde380f55e.pdf} } @article { author = {Azzam, Eman and Atta, Mohamed and Ghitany, Mohamed and Elbardiny, Magdy and Genena, Doaa and Zidan, Aly}, title = {Effect of Meal Size on Postprandial Lipid Profile and Endothelial Changes in Healthy Subjects}, journal = {Journal of High Institute of Public Health}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {69-76}, year = {2016}, publisher = {High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University}, issn = {2357-0601}, eissn = {2357-061X}, doi = {10.21608/jhiph.2016.20197}, abstract = {Background: A well balanced diet is important for normal function of endothelial cells. Diets high in fat and/or calories can lead to hypertriglyceridemia and postprandial lipidemia and thus are considered a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Big meals may result in chronic elevations in the level of atherogenic lipoproteins as well as evoking chronic inflammatory response. Both may lead to pathological changes on the arterial vessel wall and myocardium. Objective(s): To study the effect of the size of a well-balanced meal on the lipid profile in the post prandial state and its effect on the endothelial function, ventricular filling and diastolic function. Methods: one group pretest-posttest study was carried out on 40 young healthy lean volunteers aged 30 to 39 years who after overnight fast were invited to eat a big breakfast meal. Postprandial blood samples were then drawn after 3-4 hours to determine changes induced by the big meal in the blood.  On the following day, the same procedure was adopted but with a breakfast meal which contains only one third of the size of the big meal (small meal). The items of comparison between the two meals included: The changes induced by both types of meals on the lipid profile of the blood by assessing the postprandial levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and FFAs; assessment of the inflammatory response by assessing postprandial levels of CRP; The changes induced on endothelial cell functions by assessing the postprandial levels of ET1 and NO; and the changes induced by the two types of meals on the left ventricular function as determined by echo Doppler as well as tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Results: The big meal was associated with elevations in TG, TC, LDL-C, CRP, ET1 and NO (P=0.001, 0.021, 0.057, 0.110, 0.002, 0.001respectively). The small meal showed significant increase in levels of HDL-C (P=0.001) and FFAs (P=0.048). The diastolic function of the left ventricle showed significant reduction after the ingestion of the big meal versus the small meal. Conclusions: The study concluded that big meal size negatively impact lipid homeostasis and endothelial function and the recognition of this possible danger of big meals can lead to the possibility of prevention of atherosclerosis through controlling of the meal size.}, keywords = {Meal size,postprandial,Lipid profile,CRP,endothelin 1,Nitric oxide,diastolic function,ventricular filling}, url = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20197.html}, eprint = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20197_bb1ad797e0dbc480ce28ff43eb8cee0e.pdf} } @article { author = {Salem, Hawazen and El-Attar, Laila and Omran, Eman}, title = {Microbiological Assessment of some Parameters of Kariesh Cheese Sold by Supermarkets and Street Vendors in Alexandria, Egypt}, journal = {Journal of High Institute of Public Health}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {77-85}, year = {2016}, publisher = {High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University}, issn = {2357-0601}, eissn = {2357-061X}, doi = {10.21608/jhiph.2016.20198}, abstract = {  Background: Kariesh cheese is the most popular soft cheese consumed in Egypt especially in the countryside. Some of Kariesh cheese is produced in equipped factories, but most in farmers’ homes and unlicensed places not under standard requirements for hygienic food production. Cheese could be contaminated by different types of microorganisms during its production, handling, distribution and storage under unhygienic conditions. Contamination with different microorganisms causes cheese spoilage and/or foodborne illnesses. Objective(s): To assess some microbiological parameters of Kariesh cheese, as recommended by the Egyptian standards for Kariesh cheese No.1008/2000. A comparison of Kariesh cheese samples collected from supermarkets and street vendors was carried out. Methods: A total of 270 Kariesh cheese samples were collected in the period between September 2015 and January 2016 from 3 randomly selected Alexandrian districts. Half of the samples (135) were collected from street vendors and the other half was collected from supermarkets. The microbiological tests performed were: total plate count, estimation of total and fecal coliforms, and detection of E. coli, S. aureus as well as yeasts and moulds. Results: According to the Egyptian standard No.1008/2000 for Kariesh cheese parameters, only 6% and 7% of the examined Kariesh samples were satisfactory for yeasts and moulds and total plate count respectively. As regards total coliforms and E.coli, 44% and 48% respectively of the samples were satisfactory, while 39% of the samples were satisfactory for fecal coliforms, and around 90% were for  S. aureus. The mean microbial counts in all tested parameters were higher in Kariesh cheese samples sold by street vendors rather than supermarkets, and this was statistically significant. Conclusions: The microbiological parameters of Kariesh cheese in this study showed unacceptable high levels especially among street vendors' samples.}, keywords = {kariesh cheese,street vendors,Total Coliforms,fecal coliforms,E.coli,S. aureus,fungi}, url = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20198.html}, eprint = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20198_b7fa9e732b8c38598def9b237c3dcfa8.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Acknowledgement for 2016 Reviewers}, journal = {Journal of High Institute of Public Health}, volume = {46}, number = {2}, pages = {86-86}, year = {2016}, publisher = {High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University}, issn = {2357-0601}, eissn = {2357-061X}, doi = {10.21608/jhiph.2016.20199}, abstract = {The Editors of the Journal of High Institute of Public Health express their thanks to all Reviewers in 2016 for the time they committed and the valuable input they provided, thus helping to guarantee the scientific quality of the Journal. Abla Ayoub, Prof. of Geriatrics Ahmed Eissa, Prof. of Occupational Hygiene Ahmed Mahfouz, Prof. of Epidemiology Azza Farghaly, Prof. of Tropical Health Azza Koura, Prof. of Dental Histology Fikrat Elsahn, Prof. of Nutrition Gihan Mounir, Prof. of School and Adolescence Health Hala Elmorshedy, Prof. of Parasitology and Medical Entomology Hanan Morad, Prof. of Maternal and Child Health Hassan Othman, Prof. of Occupational Health Heba Selim, Prof. of Microbiology Iman Wahdan, Associate Prof. of Epidemiology Kamal Nowier, Prof. of Occupational Hygiene Kholoud Tayel, Prof. of School and Adolescence Health Manal Koura, Prof. of Primary Health Care Mervat Abounazel, Prof. of Mental Health Mohamed Elbarrawy, Prof. of Microbiology Mona Hashish, Prof. of Microbiology Mona Hassan, Prof. of Biostatistics Nawal Abdelrehim, Prof. of Nutrition Ragaa Elgazzar, Prof. of Occupational Hygiene Wafaa Bakr, Prof. of Microbiology}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20199.html}, eprint = {} }