eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
1
18
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22011
22011
Original Article
Coping Strategies of Mothers of Children with Cardiac Problems
Gehan Mounir
1
Mostafa Abolfotouh
2
Kholoud Tayel
kholoudtayel@gmail.com
3
Department of Family Health (Division of School Health), High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Family Health (Division of School Health), High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Family Health (Division of School Health), High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Background: Assessment of coping strategies is important in planning of health education programs to enhance coping. Objective: The aim of the present work was to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers concerning cardiac problems, to assess the coping strategies of mothers of children with cardiac problems, and to identify some predictors of the coping strategies. Methods: A cross sectional study of 187 mothers of children with cardiac problems who attended the cardiology school health insurance clinic of Sporting Student’s Hospital in Alexandria with their children within a period of one month was conducted. Every mother was subjected to the modified Jalowiec coping scale to assess the coping strategies. Knowledge and attitude of the mothers were assessed through a pre-designed interviewing questionnaire. Results: The results showed marked variability in correct responses to various statements about cardiac problems. However, most of mothers showed poor knowledge (87.17%)and about half of them (46.0%) showed negative attitude. These figures were significantly higher among mothers of children with congenital heart defects (CHD) than among those whose children suffer from rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The most commonly used coping method was "Pray; trust in god" (92.5%), followed by "Accept the situation as it is" (88.0%), and "Hope that things will be better" (73.5%). More than half of the mothers (55.5%) reported that they always "Resign themselves to the situation because it is their fate" while 28.0% reported that they always "Worry." The percent mean score of use of problem-oriented coping methods was nearly equal to that for affective-oriented coping methods. Duration of illness (p<0.01), previous hospitalization (p=0.01), and attitude of mothers to illness (p=0.05) were all significantly associated with coping strategies. However, after adjustment for other variables, high percent mean total coping scores were more likely among mothers of children with longer disease duration and those whose mother showed negative attitude towards cardiac problems (p<0.05). Conclusion: Health education programs are needed to enhance coping strategies, knowledge, and attitude of mothers of children with cardiac problems. However, high coping strategy scores are significantly associated with the longer duration of illness and the negative attitude of mothers, possibly due to prolonged exposure to stress and the feeling that their children are different. Support group for parents is a highly recommended strategy to help a family benefit from communication with others who share common concerns, interests, and goals.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22011_2d33a7947cc33a7ad9adac32efcd4c23.pdf
Coping strategies
Mothers
Cardiac Children
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
19
31
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22012
22012
Original Article
Effect of Vitamin E on Blood Glucose, Insulin, Lipid Peroxides, and Antioxidant System of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats
Amel El-Sawaf
1
Hassan Fayed
2
Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Background: There is growing evidence that excess generation of highly reactive free radicals, largely due to hyperglycemia, causes oxidative stress which further exacerbates the development and progression of diabetes and its complications. There are multiple sources of oxidative stress in diabetes including non-enzymatic, enzymatic, and mitochondrial pathways. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents lipid peroxidation. Objective: the present study was carried out to test the effect of vitamin E on blood glucose, insulin, and lipid peroxides in blood and liver tissue of rats in relation to oxidative damage associated with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods: 24 male albino rats were randomly assigned to control (group I), streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (group II), the third group (vitamin E group) were STZ-induced diabetic rats fed 400 mg of vitamin E/kg diet. After 4 weeks of the induction of diabetes, rats were sacrificed and the following determinations were done on the blood, serum or plasma. Blood glucose, serum insulin, lipid peroxide concentration in plasma as malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level in nmol/g protein, the amount of thiobarbituricp acid reactive materials in plasma (TBARM), serum antioxidant capacity (assayed by measuring the total peroxy radical trapping capacity (TRAP) of serum, and serum superoxide dismutase, enzyme activity (SOD). In the liver, the following parameters were determined: liver MDA, SOD and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activaties, and Glutathione (GSH) concentration. Results: Hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia were regarded in group II which were ameliorated by vitamin E administration. Oxidant stress was found in diabetic rats group II manifested by increase concentration of MDA-plasma and liver, increase TBARM concentration, and TRAP-plasma and serum respectively. Also increased serum SOD, liver SOD, and GSH-Px enzyme activities in these diabetic rats. Administration of vitamin E in the diet decreased the oxidant stress parameters (MDA, TBARM, and TRAP), increased the antioxidant defense parameter (increased GSH concentration in liver), and decreased the oxidant stress as manifested by the decrease in serum SOD enzyme activity; liver SOD; and GSH-Px enzyme activities. Conclusion: Vitamin E was found to be excellent for strengthening the antioxidant defense system in STZ-diabetic rats and it may therefore have a therapeutic role in combating the damaging effect of ROS in diabetes and preventing its complications.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22012_3b49bcdf87491aaf1506e6e7ee609fa9.pdf
Vitamin E
Blood Glucose
Insulin
lipid peroxides
antioxidant
streptozotocin-induced diabetes
Rats
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
32
55
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22013
22013
Original Article
Effect of Nursing Management Protocol on IUDs Performance
Iman Rashad
1
Sahar Mohammed
2
Shadia Hassan
3
Maher Mohammed
4
Heba Rashed
5
Faculty of Nursing, Asuit University, Asuit, Egypt
Faculty of Nursing, Asuit University, Asuit, Egypt
Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Faculty of Medicine, Asuit University, Asuit, Egypt
Faculty of Medicine, Asuit University, Asuit, Egypt
Background: Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) remain an attractive birth-control option for many women who desire a highly effective form of birth control but cannot tolerate or do not want to use hormonal implants. However, fears about side effects, concerns about infection and infertility, lack of technical training for providers, and the time and costs involved in providing services combine to discourage their use. Objective: to assess the magnitude and types of problems associated with use of IUDS, and to examine the effect of a plan of nursing intervention on the performance of IUDs. Methods: The study was conducted in the Family planning outpatient clinic of Assiut University Hospital. A cross-sectional descriptive design, and a quasi-experimental research design with pre-post assessment were used. The assessment sample consisted of 409 women. The intervention group included 100 new IUD users who were randomly allocated into two equal groups of 50 women each. Subgroup A women received the intervention program without provision of prophylactic antibiotics, while subgroup B women received the program in addition to prophylactic antibiotics. The tools used for data collection were a structured interviewing questionnaire sheet for both the assessment and the intervention groups, and an examination form to record the clinical and laboratory findings of the intervention group. A follow-up sheet was used to record any possible complications one month after insertion. A pre-post-FU questionnaire form was used to assess women’s knowledge and misconceptions before and after the intervention. The study started at the beginning of April 2002 and ended in October 2003. Results: Only 17.6% of the women have reported no complications related to use of contraceptives. Vaginal bleeding and infection were the most common complications, 14.4% and 10.5%, respectively. The most common infection was Chlamydia (20.6%). Subgroup A women (no-prophylactic antibiotic) had a higher incidence of erythema and vaginal discharge at the follow-up vaginal examination, compared to pre-program rate, 34.0% and 10.0%, respectively (p=0.004). Also, women in subgroup A had a higher incidence of bacterial vaginosis (16.0%), compared those in subgroup B (4.0%), p=0.046. In subgroup B, positive chlamydial infection decreased from 34.0% at the pre-program exam to 10.0% at the FU (p
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22013_ce2620fef77066f620a5cd455ee93d36.pdf
Nursing
Management Protocol
IUDs
performance
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
56
77
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22014
22014
Original Article
Street Children in Alexandria: Profile and Psychological Disorders
Gehan Mounir
1
Medhat Attia
mattia22@hotmail.com
2
Kholoud Tayel
kholoudtayel@gmail.com
3
Department of Family Health (Division of School Health), High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Family Health (Division of Mental Health), High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Family Health (Division of School Health), High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Background: Today developed and developing countries are facing the problem posed by street children. The continuous and unrestrained exposure to the street and its associated lifestyles makes these children vulnerable to a range of health, social, and other problems. Objective: The aim of the present work was to assess the profile of street children and their living condition from different aspects, in addition to assessment of some psychological disorders among them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 street boys present at El-Horreya institute for Children Community Development, which is a non-governmental organization in Alexandria. An equal control group of 50 school boys were selected at random from the first and second grades of one governmental boys preparatory school of the Middle District of Alexandria. Every child was subjected to an interviewing questionnaire. The Arabic version of Revised Ontario Child Health study scale, children Depression Inventory and the Cooper-Smith Self-Esteem Inventory,were used to identify children with conduct disorder, depression, and assess self-esteem, respectively. Anthropometric measurements including weight and height were measured for each street child and BMI was calculated. Results: The present study revealed that more than half of street children (58.0%) came from large size families, about three-quarters (72.0%) reported insufficient income, most of them had low educated parents and unskilled fathers, 80.0% reported not living with both parents before coming to the institute, and 91.2% reported bad inter-parental relationship. Family history of drug abuse, alcohol intake, smoking, and imprison were significantly higher among street children compared to school children (p<0.001). The present study showed that 74.0% of street children were smokers, 22.0% reported drug abuse, and 90.0% were dropped out of school. Family violence, beating, and beating without reason significantly increase the risk of being a street child (OR= 31.90, 2.0, and 44.58, respectively). The risk of conduct disorder, depression, and low-self esteem were significantly more among street children compared to school children (OR= 44.59, 14.64, and 9.66, respectively). The main cause of leaving home was beating, 80.0% lived in street after leaving home, 72.0% their main source of living was begging, and most of them faced problems in the street especially with the police. The results revealed that 92.0% were satisfied with the institute and 86.0% prefer to stay in the institute than returning to the street. Recommendations: planning programs to prevent, protect, and rehabilitate street children are essential.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22014_0f0eeac5ca36d33c565801bf902cfacb.pdf
Street Children
alexandria
Psychological disorders
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
78
94
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22015
22015
Original Article
Reprocessing Competency of Gastrointestine Endoscopes, the Gap between Basic Principles and Actual Practice in Endoscopey Units in Alexandria University
Aida El-Gamil
1
Mervat Abdel Fattah
2
Hanan Gaber
3
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Banha University, Banha, Egypt
Endoscopy is a major diagnostic and therapeutic modality in the care of patients with disease of the gastro-intestinal tract. Ethically, we are obligated to do the right thing. However, is it fair that the first patient receives a properly cleaned/processed device and subsequent patients may not? All patients have the right to receive the same standard of care. The society of gastroenterology nurses associates (SGNA) presents a standards to be used for all settings where gastrointestinal endoscopy is practiced. The purpose of the study is 1- To assess the endoscopy nurses practice as regard principle of disinfection and sterillization as an infection control in gastrointestinal endoscopy units. 2- To identify the difference between the standard of infection control practice and the actual nurses practice. Nursing practice evaluation sheet includes endoscope reprocessing competency sheet and observational competency checklist were used. It was found that a huge gap exists between what is generally recommended for reprocessing endoscopes and clinical practice and what is practiced.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22015_b84a705f43e94c9e0c0ee1560a361c55.pdf
Reprocessing Competency
Gastrointestine Endoscopes
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
95
111
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22016
22016
Original Article
Psychotic Patients’ Awareness of their Illness and its Correlates
Amal Shehata
1
Magdala Maximos
2
Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Awareness about illness is defined in terms of a patient’s psychological attitude toward the psychiatric situation, and is to be evaluated from the standpoint of the person’s sick-role concept, by assessing the recognition of the need for treatment and acceptance of the treatment situation. Previous researches have suggested that lack of psychiatric patients’ awareness of their illness may have considerable power in predicting the long-term course of chronic mental disorders, and have an impact on patients compliance with treatment plans and relapses of psychosis. The aim of this study was to find out the psychotic patients’ awareness of their illness and its correlates. The results suggest that self-awareness deficits are a prevalent feature in mentally ill patients, perhaps stemming from the neuropsychological dysfunction associated with the disorders, and deficits in illness awareness are associated with greater number and longer duration of hospitalizations, and is considered one of the most important reasons for non-compliance.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22016_7a063264fa1150d11a531c88aeea06a1.pdf
Psychotic Patients
Awareness
illness
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
112
123
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22018
22018
Original Article
Community-Based Screening for Pre-hypertension among Military Active Duty Personnel
Fayssal Farahat
1
Fathi Saleem
2
Department of Preventive Medicine (Community Diagnosis Unit), Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
Department of Cardiology, Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
Background: The majority of hypertension cases are asymptomatic and, therefore, goes unrecognized and untreated, leading to a high risk of coronary artery diseases, heart failure, renal failure, and cardiovascular diseases. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of both pre-hypertension and hypertension and risk factors associated with newly diagnosed Saudi military active duty service personnel. Methods: Community-based screening of 1238 Saudi military active duty service personnel was conducted during the period September – December 2007 at six randomly selected out of a total of 15 military units of Taif region, Western of Saudi Arabia. Screening tools included self-administrated questionnaire, general physical examination, anthropometric measurements, and assessment of blood pressure. Results: All participants were Saudi males. Their age ranged from 19-56 years old with mean ±SD of 37.2±7.02. By applying the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high hypertension (JNC-7) criteria, 214 (17.3%) were considered pre-hypertensive. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that obesity as measured by body mass index (OR=2.71, CI: 1.39-5.28), positive family history (OR=1.46, CI:1.03-2.06), ever smoking (OR=1.45, CI:1.05-2.02), and increased waist circumference (OR=1.04, CI:1.02-1.06) were the significant predictors of workplace newly diagnosed hypertension among military active duty personnel. Conclusion: Pre-hypertension is a common hidden problem and it predicts the development of frank hypertension. Findings of the current study support the recommendation of lifestyle modification for pre-hypertension patients. However, further prospective studied are required to determine the role of pharmacotherapy in pre-hypertension.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22018_0f917a6f6ff032bae4f891d7444ba2a4.pdf
Screening
Prehypertension
Military
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
124
139
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22301
22301
Original Article
Study of Acute Leukaemia in Children: Impact on Patients and their Families, Utilization and Satisfaction with Health Services in Alexandria - Egypt
Sherif Omar
sherif_omar67@yahoo.com
1
Ezzat Hassan
2
Bayoumi Ghareeb
3
Ekram Abd El-Wahab
4
Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Objectives: To assess impact of leukaemia on children and their families and to describe utilization and satisfaction with health services among acute leukaemic children. Methods: A descriptive study started Nov. 2004 for one year duration, included 163 cases (all acute leukaemic cases below the age of 15 attended in-and out-patient of University of Alexandria Paediatrics Hsospital, either newly diagnosed or for follow up). Questionnaire sheet administered by interview with the patient’s mother included questions about disease impact on the child and his parents. Answers to questions on utilization of health services were blotted to a total score for mother satisfaction. Results: Overall health services were free of charge, (83.4%) of mothers received financial aid, but (93.3%) of families were affected financially, as (65.6%) were of low socioeconomic level. Psychological upset was almost the rule in relation to the patient and his family members. The learning process deteriorated in (63.8%) of cases. Most mothers (83.4%) complained that only some drugs are available, but only (22.7%) said that investigations were incomplete. The child club in the hospital was the only recreational mean and utilized by (41.1%) of cases. Highest satisfaction score was with services offered by physicians (art of medical care); lowest score was for the amount of food presented to patients. Conclusion: The leukaemic health problem influences the patient and his family’s quality of life in a serious way, the child educational progress is affected as well. Patient’s mother satisfaction is crucial and her recommendations to improve the quality of service are to be considered.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22301_dc7333ed54850a3df1006fe8b1159a2d.pdf
Egypt
Acute Leukaemia
children
impact
health service
utilization
Satisfaction
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
140
154
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22302
22302
Original Article
Some Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Alexandria Coastal Water, Egypt
Hoda Hemaida
1
Ahmed Abdel-Halim
2
Laila Shakweer
3
Nermin Maximous
4
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
Seasonal collection of water samples were carried out at Alexandria coast from 18 selected stations during 2004 – 2005. The study area was divided into three sections A, B, and C. The study areas A and C are clearly affected by brackish polluted water discharge from El-Ammia, Rakta, Bughas, Umum, and Noubaria drains which were studied too. The hydrographic parameters (pH, DO, salinity. and OOM) were studied. This work aimed at evaluating some major ions level (average of 434.6 mg/l, 1.39 g/l, 3.11g/l, and 67.32 mg/l for Ca, Mg, SO4, and Br in surface water and 449.12 mg/l, 1.48g/l, 3.42 g/l, and 75.68 mg/l in bottom water, respectively) in Alexandria coastal water and their chlorinity ratios relevant to the corresponding normal oceanic ones. The influence of dilution effect resulted from the discharge of different types and amount of land–based effluents was discussed. By all, the average chlorinity ratios of cations deviations from the respective oceanic values can detect as a resulting from the discharging of land –based effluents; (average of 0.074, 0.023, 0.004, and 0.172 for Mg/Cl, Ca/Cl, Br/Cl and SO4/Cl, respectively). The correlation coefficients between the major cations and the hydrographic parameters were computed and discussed.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22302_3a120d58d61d29a8592f3522a17a1dcc.pdf
Coastal water
Major ions
drains
alexandria
Egypt
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
155
168
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22305
22305
Original Article
Impact of Drainage Effluents on The Water Quality of Abu-Qir Bay, Alexandria, Egypt
Hoda Hemaida
1
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
Abu-QirBay, a semi-enclosed heavily polluted Mediterranean basin in Egypt, is receiving huge amounts of untreated sewage, industrial, and agricultural waste waters via three land-based sources: Tabia pumping station [TPS], Outlet of lake Edku [Boughaz El-Maadiya], and Rosseta mouth of River Nile. In order to mitigate and control the impact of pollution on coastal and marine resources, it is essential that the type and load of pollutants be identified. So, water samples were collected from sixteen stations covering Abu-Qir Bay, seven stations covering Lake Edku, one sample from El-Ammia Drain [TPS], and eight samples from the drains affected or entering lake Edku during April and May 2005. The hydrochemical parameters, i.e., water temperature, chlorosity, salinity, dissolved oxygen pH, total suspended matter, oxidizable organic matter, calcium, and magnesium as well as nutrient salts: the nitrogen forms [ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate], the reactive phosphate and reactive silicate were investigated.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22305_eabee6fdc8c2d9d45916dc7f851dff41.pdf
Drainage Effluents
water quality
Abu-Qir Bay
alexandria
Egypt
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
169
178
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22307
22307
Original Article
Inhibition of Alanine and Aspartate Aminotransferases by B-Nitropropionic Acid
Hassan Osman
1
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
The inhibition of serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (SALT and SAST) by b nitropropionic acid (bNPA), toxic metabolite of some fungi higher plants) in vitro was studied. The results indicated that both SALT and SAST were competitively inhibited by bNPA and the enzymes recovered their original activity by dialysis, indicating that the inhibitory effect of bNPA is reversible. The inhibition of both SALT and SAST by bNPA was found to be slow and showed the characteristic of a first order reaction up to 30 minutes. The rate constants characterizing this inhibition, namely: the binding constant (KB) (90 uM and 225 uM for SALT and SAST, respectively) and bimolecular velocity of inhibition ki (666 and 714 (M min)-1 for SALT and SAST, respectively were determined. Kn (rate of nitrification of the enzymes) for SALT and SAST were 0.06/min and 0.18/min, respectively.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22307_96006f5405fa2de1ffa3b3c23cf466ee.pdf
inhibition
Alanine Aminotransferases
Aspartate Aminotransferases
B-Nitropropionic Acid
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
179
188
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22309
22309
Original Article
Parenteral Use of Iron and Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) in Haemodialysis Patients
Mohamed Osman
1
Hassan Osman
2
Iman Khalil
3
Iman Sharaf
4
Redab Mahmoud
5
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
The aim of this work was to study the effect of supplementation of iron and vitamin C therapy to hemodialysis patients, hoping that this therapy is effective in the treatment of anaemia in these patients. In this work, 40 stable hemodialysis patients suffering from severe to moderate anemia not receiving any form of replacement therapy (i.e., neither erythropoietin (EPO) nor iron), were selected and divided into two groups: The first group was treated by injection with ferrosac 100 mg/5ml twice a week for 3 months, and the second group was treated by injection with 500 mg/2.5ml of vitamin C in combination with 100 mg/5ml ferosac twice a week for three months. The results of this study indicated that: There was a significant decrease in both urea and creatinine in hemodialysis patients after i.v. treatment of ferosac alone (100 mg/5ml) "group I" and combined ferosac (100 mg/5ml) with ascorbic acid (500 mg/2.5ml) "group II" twice weekly for 3 months. There was a significant increase in hemoglobin concentration and serum iron in both hemodialysis patient groups (I&II) after treatment, the highly increase markedly occurred in group II rather than group I after treatment. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in serum ferritin concentration in group I and a more pronounced decrease in group II after treatment, indicating the importance of vitamin C in decreasing the serum ferritin level and therefore the better correction of anemia.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22309_1af017970bd7508d83c51a615d3d815d.pdf
ascorbic acid
Ferrosac
ferritin
Hemodialysis
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
189
201
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22310
22310
Original Article
Assessment of Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude toward Infection Standards Precautions in Primary Health Care Settings
Sahar Soliman
1
Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Background: Standards precautions are designed to protect staff from risks resulting from exposure to blood and body fluids and to protect patients from potential cross infection. Knowledge of clinical infection control practices is continually growing and changing. Objectives: the present study was conducted to assess nurses' Knowledge about Infection control standards precautions in primary health care settings. Methods: This study was cross sectional study that was conducted in six primary health care settings (PHC) in Manzala District affiliated to the Ministry of Health and Population. PHC settings were selected by stratified random sample method. Seventy nine nurses were included in the study. Data were collected by using open ended questions sheet, which was self-administered. Results: The nurses showed a poor level of knowledge regarding most categories of standard precautions. Conclusion and Recommendations: Mandatory regular base educational program must be planned to overcome the weak level of knowledge and improve and update the nursing performance regarding standard precautions.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22310_c66aedcf0cac4dc447f8a292f2377df3.pdf
Standard Precautions
Knowledge
Attitude
Nurses
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
202
225
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22311
22311
Original Article
The Relationship Between Structure Empowerment and Job Characteristics of Staff Nurses at Mansoura Specialized Medical Hospital
Nervana Gheith
1
Department of Nursing Administration, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Structure empowerment enhances nurses' power to accomplish their work within hospitals. Access to these empowering structures is influenced by formal power system within the hospital which refers to job characteristics that contribute to job recognition. So, job characteristics are the core to reach to excellent quality patient care and to achieve organizational outcomes. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between staff nurses' perception of structural empowerment and their job characteristics. The data were collected from 182 staff nurses working at MansouraSpecializedMedicalHospital. Two tools were employed for data collection. The first tool is structure job empowerment questionnaire which is divided into two parts: a) Conditions for Work Effectiveness Questionnaire (CWEQ) and b) Organizational Description Opinionnaire (ODO). The second tool is Staff Nurses Job Characteristics Index Questionnaire (SNJCIQ). The results concluded that there are a strong and significant relationship between staff nurses' perception of structure empowerment and their job characteristics. This study recommended that application of job characteristics model nutrients to empower staff nurses, and improve the quality of nursing care.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22311_a178abe546ca5a6e2679421cb9575608.pdf
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
226
244
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22312
22312
Original Article
Comparison of Clinical Instructors' Teaching Behaviors as Perceived by Themselves with Those Assessed by their Students in the Clinical Setting
Hala Mahmoud
1
Department of Nursing Administration, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
The clinical education is considered as the heart of the nursing education. It remains the single most important resource in the development of competent, capable, and caring nurses. It prepares the students for their professional role and provides them with opportunity to apply knowledge, skills, and concepts in the clinical settings. Most importantly, clinical instructors' behaviors in the clinical area play an important part in the learning process of the student. There are few studies that determine and evaluate what constitutes effective teaching behaviors of clinical instructors in the clinical area. Hence, the present study aimed at comparing clinical instructors' teaching behaviors as perceived by themselves with those assessed by their students and also using qualitative analysis to determine positive and negative students' comments for clinical instructor behaviors in the clinical setting. The study was conducted at Faculty of Nursing at Mansoura University. Two groups of subjects were included in the present study; clinical instructors group (n=62) and nursing students group (n=120). Two questionnaire sheets were used for data collection; clinical instructors' questionnaire and student's questionnaire that were developed by researcher based on reviewing literature. The third part of student's questionnaire included open ended questions to establish positive and negative clinical instructors' as perceived by student encountered in clinical training. A major finding of this study was that there was a statistical significance difference between clinical instructors' teaching behaviors as perceived by themselves with those assessed by their students in the clinical setting. At the end of the study, recommendations were given that clinical instructor should offer information and positive feedback in the directions of students, being accessible and also encourage student's creative thinking and freedom in discussion.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22312_683218a887ba18e629fb8d8f99d919ae.pdf
clinical instructors
Perceived Teaching Behaviors
eng
High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-061X
2007-01-01
37
1
245
259
10.21608/jhiph.2007.22313
22313
Original Article
Feeding Under 2 Children at El-Mansoura University Hospital: Practices and Problems
Lila Abo-Salem
1
Hoda Nafee
2
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
The study was conducted on 121 children who attended the out-patient clinic at El-Mansoura University Children Hospital. The objectives were to identify the common problems in feeding practice of children under 2 years of age, to estimate the proportion of children potentially at risk for nutritional and other health problems, and to characterize such a vulnerable group in terms of demographic variables. Data were collected through interviewing the children's mothers/caregivers, children's nutritional as well as health status were investigated using IMCI format and weight for age criteria. The results revealed that 64.5% of the study samples were exclusively breastfed, 17.4% artificially fed babies, and 47.1% of children were receiving less number of breast feeds per day. Insufficient and unbalanced complementary feeding was obvious among the studied sample. Either early or delayed weaned children constituted 18.2%. The common health problem of the studied sample as diagnosed by pediatrician were. diarrhea & vomiting (44.6%), ARI (38.8%), low weight (15.7%), and 14% had anemia. Training courses for first-level health workers on IMCI in order to emphasize the guidelines for appropriate feeding practices and how to support complementary feeding as part of mothers' teaching in an out-patient basis is recommended.
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_22313_9e74116bdc7beee9e32555b46b2a51b1.pdf
feeding
Under 2 Children
Practice