2024-03-29T14:24:17Z
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=17535
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2020
50
3
Effectiveness of Health Education Program on the Level of Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women Regarding Obstetric Danger Signs in Upper Egypt
Reda
Ali
Amal
Mohamed
Amal
Arief
Doaa
Abdel-Salam
Fatma
Khalaf
Background & Objective(s): The present study aimed to assess women’s knowledge and attitude towards ODS (obstetric danger signs) among pregnant women in Upper Egypt and improve women's knowledge through the implementation of an educational program. Methods: a quasi-experimental study was conducted among 300 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics. Data collection was done using structured questionnaires which were distributed to the participants during face to face interview with the researchers. An educational program was implemented to enhance women's knowledge of ODS. Data analysis was done using the SPSS program, version (24). Results: A total of 300 pregnant women were enrolled in the present study. Socio-demographic factors such as increased age, higher educational level, rural residence, and larger family size were shown to significantly influence knowledge about obstetric danger signs. Furthermore, antenatal and obstetric risk factors such as high parity, more number of antenatal visits, history of abortion or medical disease and previous exposure to ODS were shown to be significantly associated with more knowledge about ODS. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the significant predictors that influence the participants' knowledge were women's education and the number of antenatal visits. Most of the study participants had a positive attitude towards ODS (82.3%). The overall knowledge score was increased significantly after the implementation of the educational program from 9.4±4.97to27.93±4.4. Conclusion: The study revealed that most of the study participants had a positive attitude towards ODS. The implementation of an education program had a positive effect on increasing women's knowledge about ODS. Health care providers should educate the women about ODS during their antenatal visits as they are the primary source of women's knowledge.
Knowledge
Attitude
Educational Program
obstetric danger signs
Pregnant women
2020
12
01
118
125
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_111317_8d7f8c197e38a77a45ed48fd6e171730.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2020
50
3
Workplace Violence: Effects on Job Performance and Coping Strategies among Physicians
Ehab
Abo-Ali
Hanaa
Zayed
Salwa
Atlam
Background & Objective(s): Workplace violence, an occupational hazard in the healthcare setting, can lead to a variety of adverse consequences for its victims, including physical and psychological ones. It can also bring job strain, job dissatisfaction, and job turnover for health workers. Further, it has also been found that workplace violence influences aspects of employee work status, such as job performance. This study investigated workplace violence, its effects on job performance, and coping strategies among physicians in the city of Tanta, Egypt. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, 422 physicians were recruited using a random-cluster sampling technique. For every participant, personal and occupational data, coping strategies against workplace violence, and responses to the workplace violence questionnaire and the job performance scale (JPS) were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Among the study participants, 56.4% have been exposed to workplace violence, and 79.4% of them have reported that they felt unsafe at work. The majority (85.8%) stated that there were inadequate measures for their protection while working. The respondents’ average score on the JPS among physicians exposed to work-related violence was significantly lower, compared to that of non-exposed (22 ± 3.62 and 24.01 ± 3.88, respectively) (p = 0.003). The most commonly adopted strategy for coping with workplace-related violence was telling one’s colleagues (60.1%) at an individual level and reporting to the administration (36.1%) at the organizational level. Conclusion: A large proportion of physicians in Egypt may be exposed to workplace violence. Although many coping strategies can be adopted against workplace violence, this problem still requires a multidisciplinary approach and community support.
Workplace violence
Job Performance
Coping
Physicians
Egypt
2020
12
01
126
131
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_120605_f6c969748764bb6f817b2eeaad309d05.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2020
50
3
Evaluation of Nordmann–Dortet–Poirel Test as a Rapid and Direct Method of Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Urinary Tract Infections
Laila
El-Attar
Manal
Baddour
Heba
Omar
Marwa
Fekry
Background & Objective(s): Antimicrobial resistance due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production is a major public health issue. Its rapid detection is critical for early appropriate antibiotic use to prevent treatment failure, especially in cases of septicemia requiring appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy within the first few hours, thereby decreasing the mortality rate. Rapid detection is also important to spare the use of carbapenems, which, if used as a first-line drug in antibiotic policies, may lead to the emergence and spread of carbapenemases. We evaluated the Nordmann–Dortet–Poirel (NDP) test as a rapid method to detect ESBL producers directly from urine samples from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infections (SUTIs). Furthermore, we determined the clinical and economic outcomes of using NDP test results to guide antibiotic therapy. Methods: This cross-sectional study and double-blind, randomized control trial was conducted over 10 months. Urine samples were collected randomly from all patients with urinary tract infections admitted to the Internal Medicine Department at Alexandria University Hospital during the study period and assessed for eligibility. We enrolled 152 SUTI patients with gram-negative bacilli (≥105 cfu/ml), and the samples were tested for ESBLs using modified double-disk synergy testing (MDDST) and the NDP test. Patients were randomly divided into groups A or B, where culture-based therapy or NDP test-guided therapy was used first, respectively. All patients were observed for a clinical cure for at least 5 days. Results: The prevalence of ESBLs was 50% using MDDST. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and total accuracy for the ESBL NDP test performed directly on urine samples, using interpretable results, were 89.86%, 62.86%, 70.45%, 86.27%, and 76.26%, respectively. There was moderate agreement between the NDP test and MDDST and a statistically significant reduction in the length of antibiotic therapy (LOT) in the group using NDP test-guided therapy (p = 0.0002). Conclusion: The NDP test is a rapid and easy ESBL detection method that could be introduced in clinical practice. It is useful in guiding empiric therapy and reducing the LOT. A combination of ESBL NDP and Carba NP tests could be used in areas with a high prevalence of carbapenemases and ESBLs, but further studies are necessary to confirm efficacy.
Nordmann–Dortet–Poirel test
modified double-disk synergy test
extended-spectrum β-lactamase detection
Urinary tract infection
2020
12
01
132
138
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_120694_2cbdd6b546164506d72ad65ea6152045.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2020
50
3
Prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation, and Women’s Knowledge, Attitude, and Intention to Practice in Egypt: A Nationwide Survey
Marwa
Abdou
Iman
Wahdan
Nessrin
El-Nimr
Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a human rights violation of girls and women and quite common in several countries, including Egypt. Objective(s): To estimate the prevalence of FGM among Egyptian females, to assess their knowledge, attitude, and intention to practice FGM, and to determine their possible correlates. Methods: A total of 770 females aged 15 - 49 years attending the family health centers at five randomly selected Egyptian governorates representing the different provinces of Egypt were included. A cross-sectional study design was used. A predesigned structured interviewing questionnaire was utilized to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, females’ knowledge and attitude regarding FGM, and their intention to practice FGM. Special scoring systems were developed regarding knowledge and attitude. Results: The prevalence of FGM was 74.2%. Only 5.7% of females had a good level of knowledge, 65.3% had a favorable attitude regarding (i.e. were against) FGM, and 31.8% reported that they intended to practice FGM. Logistic regression models showed that younger age, rural area of residence, and level of education (illiteracy or just reading and writing) were significantly associated with a poor level of knowledge, and level of education, marital status, exposure to mutilation, and level of knowledge significantly affected their attitude. Significant predictors of females’ intention to practice were their mutilation experience, level of knowledge, and attitude and husband’s pressure to perform FGM. Conclusion: FGM remains common in Egypt. Poor knowledge and unfavorable attitude had a positive significant correlation, and both were among the predictors of females’ intention to practice mutilation. Males played a role in the continuation of practice in the community. Awareness campaigns and law enforcement may help reduce the practice of FGM in Egypt.
female genital mutilation
prevalence
intention to practice
Egypt
2020
12
01
139
145
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_121424_450e0f566163912e7123c0f185d8ed56.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2020
50
3
Occupational Health Risks of Female Hairdressers: Knowledge, Practice, and Self-Reported Symptoms
Fatma
Khalaf
Naglaa
Abd El-Aty
Doaa
Abdel-Salam
Doaa
Osman
Background & Objective(s): Hairdressers are exposed to various health hazards in their work environment. This study aims to assess the working conditions, knowledge, and practices regarding hazardous work exposure, in addition to identifying potential occupational health problems and their associations. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 151 female hairdressers was conducted in Assiut city, Upper Egypt. An interview questionnaire was used to record personal and job characteristics, descriptions of workplace environments, and knowledge and practices regarding occupational health risks and self-reported health problems. Standard assessment of weight and height was performed, and body mass index was calculated. Results: Insufficient ventilation of salons was reported by 67.5% of the hairdressers, and first aid measures were available for only 15.2%. Low awareness was found regarding blood-borne diseases transmitted through hair salons. Approximately 70% were disinfecting their equipment, and 12.4% performed this after each customer. The most frequent chronic musculoskeletal complaints were lower back (22.5%), shoulder (17.2%), and wrist pain (16.6%). Nearly 24% complained from varicose veins. Varicose veins and knee pain were significantly associated with increases in age and working years. Neck pain was significantly associated with increases in age and not being employed by an owner or shared owner of the hairdressing salon. Conclusion: Proper working conditions and safe practices of the studied hairdressers were insufficient. High awareness was found regarding the possibility of disease transmission through hair salons. However, only a few of them identified these diseases and their transmission modes. Moreover, they complained about musculoskeletal pain, varicose veins, and respiratory symptoms. Recommendations: Pre-employment health education programs should be provided for Egyptian hairdressers, and maintenance of hairdressing salons should be checked regularly.
Hairdressers
working conditions
Practices
Occupational health hazards
Egypt
2020
12
01
146
157
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_123383_997e2ca75e2997690c4dc937aaac6984.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2020
50
3
Relationship Between Sleep Quality, Sleep Disturbance, and Estimated Cardiovascular Risk
Heba
Elnahas
Marwa
Said
Radwa
Elsyed
Ghada
Khafagy
Background: Sleep quality and disturbances have been suggested to play an important role in cardiovascular disease risk. Objective(s): The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible relationship between quality of sleep, sleep disturbances, and cardiovascular disease risk in adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic at Cairo University, Kasr Alainy Hospital. The participants of this study were 124 adults who were subjected to be interviewed with sleep questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness scale, Berlin Questionnaire, and Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale. Their blood pressure and body mass index were measured, along with the fasting blood glucose and lipid profile assessment. Moreover, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk was calculated. The participants were then classified into two groups according to their estimated risk of ASCVD: low- or borderline-risk group and intermediate- or high-risk group. Results: In both groups, the comparison of the results of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) showed a significant difference: total score (about 40% of bad sleepers and 20% of good sleepers had intermediate to high ASCVD risk), subjective sleep quality, sleep efficiency, and the use of sleep medications (p values = 0.015, 0.023, and 0.023, respectively). Moderate positive correlations were observed between the ASCVD risk score and total PSQI score (r = 0.4, p < 0.001), subjective sleep (r = 0.332, p < 0.001), sleep latency (r = 0.3, p = 0.006), sleep duration (r = 0.4, p < 0.001), sleep efficiency (r = 0.4, p = 0.001), sleep disturbance (r = 0.218, p = 0.016), and the use of sleep medications (r = 0.24, p = 0.002). In both groups, a significant difference was observed in the severity of restless legs syndrome (p value = 0.012). Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, the overall sleep quality was linked to a higher estimated risk of developing cardiovascular events. A significant positive moderate correlation was found between sleep quality scores and cardiovascular risk, especially sleep efficiency and duration.
Sleep quality
Sleep disturbances
Obstructive sleep apnea
restless legs syndrome
cardiovascular disease risk
2020
12
01
158
164
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_126493_0b8bb91d98adbe5fa2f03f127d4fc12e.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2020
50
3
Physicians’ Perspectives on and Experiences with Breast Cancer Patient Involvement in Health Care
Eiman
El-Sayed
Nabil
Dowidar
Azza
Mehanna
Background: The traditional paternalistic model of medicine has been evolving toward a participatory model in which patients and clinicians work in partnership toward the common goal of improved health. Objective(s): This study aims to explore physicians’ perspectives on and experiences with breast cancer patient involvement in cancer care. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 38 physicians in surgery and oncology outpatient clinics and surgery inpatient wards at the Medical Research Institute Hospital-Alexandria University and Ayadi El-Mostakbal Cancer Care Center-Alexandria, Eygpt. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on physicians’ perspectives on patient involvement. Results: Only 8% of the physicians indicated high involvement of their patients. “Receiving enough information” and “knowing the benefits and risks of treatment” were the most frequently reported areas of patient involvement (57.9%). The doctors ranked “low education and low social level” and “lack of awareness” as the most important patient-related barriers and “complex routines” and “unavailability of awareness-raising programs” as the highest-ranked organization-related barriers. Conclusion: Findings of the present study revealed that physicians lack a supportive system to promote patient involvement and that patient involvement needs to be enhanced especially in the public sector.
Patient involvement
Physicians
breast cancer
Egypt
2020
12
01
165
171
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_129052_bddf2a9e7f27e06b6bb5dcf44f03ce2a.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2020
50
3
Acknowledgement for 2020 Reviewers
Acknowledgement The Editors of the Journal of High Institute of Public Health express their thanks to all Reviewers in 2020 for the time they committed and the valuable input they provided, thus helping to guarantee the scientific quality of the Journal. Reviewers in alphabetical order: Ahmed Mandil, Research Coordinator at WHO/ EMRO Ahmed Shoman, Prof. of Occupational Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt Aida Reda, Prof. of Epidemiology, Alexandria University, Egypt Aly Hassab, Prof. of Epidemiology, Alexandria University, Egypt Amira Gamal, Prof. of Occupational and Environmental Health, Suez Canal University, Egypt Ashwaq Safi, Prof. of Community and Occupational Medicine, Azhar University, Egypt Azza Farghaly, Prof. of Tropical Health, Alexandria University, Egypt Dalia Tayel, Prof. of Nutrition, Alexandria University, Egypt Ebtesam Fetouhy, Prof. of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Alexandria University, Egypt Eglal Salem, Prof. of Environmental Health, Alexandria University, Egypt Eiman Darwish, Prof. of Community Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt Fikrat Elsahn, Prof. of Nutrition, Alexandria University, Egypt Gehan Raafat, Prof. of Environmental Health, Alexandria University, Egypt Hamdy Abozeid, Prof. of Maternal and Child Health, Alexandria University, Egypt Hanan Shatat, Prof. of Tropical Health, Alexandria University, Egypt Hany Elziady, Prof. of Community Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt Ibrahim Karboush, Prof. of Community Medicine, Mutah University, Jordan Iman Wahdan, Prof. of Epidemiology, Alexandria University, Egypt Kholoud Tayel, Prof. of School and Adolescence Health, Alexandria University, Egypt Lubna Alariqi, Technical Officer, Infectious Hazard Preparedness, WHO/ EMRO Mahmoud Eltawila, Prof. of Food Analysis, Alexandria University, Egypt Manal Koura, Prof. of Primary Health Care, Alexandria University, Egypt Medhat Attia, Prof. of Mental Health, Alexandria University, Egypt Mohamed Elbarrawy, Prof. of Microbiology, Alexandria University, Egypt Mohamed Kamel, Prof. of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait Mohey Makhlouf, Prof. of Geriatrics, Alexandria University, Egypt Mona Hashish, Prof. of Microbiology, Alexandria University, Egypt Mostafa Abolfotoh, Prof. of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud Bin-Abdulaziz University, KSA Nadia Elzeiny, Prof. of Community Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt Nadia Farghaly, Prof. of Community Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt Nessrin Elnimr, Dr. of Epidemiology, Alexandria University, Egypt Nessrin Kamal, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Consultant, Ministry of Health, KSA Neveen Agamy, Prof. of Food Analysis, Alexandria University, Egypt Ola Akl, Prof. of Primary Health Care, Alexandria University, Egypt Safinaz Shalaby, Prof. of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt Wafaa Bakr, Prof. of Microbiology, Alexandria University, Egypt Wafaa Waheeb, Prof. of Hospital Administration, Alexandria University, Egypt
2020
12
01
172
173