2024-03-28T10:09:50Z
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=4125
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Effect of an Intervention Program on Parenting Styles, Self Efficacy and Adherence among Diabetic Adolescents in Farwanyia Governorate, Kuwait
Sherine
Hassan
Hatem
Massoud
Ayman
El-Kobrosly
Diabetes is a source of stress for patients of all ages, but particularly during adolescence. The transition into adolescence is frequently marked by declines in adherence and metabolic control due to decreased parental responsibility for diabetes care. Many factors affect parents' ability to deliver diabetic care including: knowledge, parental self-efficacy and parental style. The aim of the study was to find the correlation of parenting style, parents' self-efficacy and adherence with glucose level among early adolescents with type I diabetes through an interview questionnaire and the impact of an intervention program on those determinants. Results showed that 40.5% of parents had authoritative style, 39.7% had authoritarian style and 19.8% had permissive style. There was a positive correlation of adherence and metabolic control with knowledge, self-efficacy and authoritative behaviors of parents. Following the intervention, there was improvement in knowledge, self-efficacy, authoritative behaviors and adherence and no significant effect on metabolic control.
early adolescents
diabetics
Parenting style
Self_Efficacy
adherence
Metabolic Control
Education Intervention
2010
07
01
408
423
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20612_5bc4cba7bf65294fd7df7a87970629e8.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Comparison of Physical Activity Patterns among Diabetic and Non Diabetic Adults in Saudi Arabia
Nasser
Al-Hamdan
Ahmed
Bahnassy
Abdalla
Saeed
Mostafa
Abbas
Lamiaa
Abuzaid
Abdelshakour
Abdalla
Background and Objectives: Quantifying the magnitude and risk factors of Diabetes Mellitus in the community is essential for all intervention strategies. The objective of this study is to assess physical activity as a risk factor of diabetes mellitus by comparing physical activity patterns of diabetics and non diabetics. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study using STEPwise approach among adults using a multistage, stratified, cluster random sample. Data was collected using a questionnaire which included patterns and durations of physical activity, sociodemographics, and history of diabetes, biochemical and anthropometric measurements. Results: Of the total 4657 subjects, 712(15.3%) were diabetic (369(16%) for males and 343(14.6%) for females). Of all subjects only 12.1, 20.2 and 46.1% were physically active in recreational, work and transport respectively. Diabetes was significantly negatively associated with total level of physical activity. All lower levels of physical activity in leisure, transport and work were significantly associated with increased risk of diabetes .Physical activity at work and walking or cycling for 10 minutes continuously were significant predictors of diabetes. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus among adults in associated with lower levels of all patterns of physical activity. Specifically tailored and culturally sensitive physical activity interventions, is necessary for preventing, controlling diabetes. Females, elderly and retired persons need special attention.
diabetes
Physical activity
Adult
Saudi Arabia
2010
07
01
424
435
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20613_5e034e23c8c48489be5fcd570d8f15f9.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Nursing and Medical Students Views Regarding the Nurses’ Role in Tanta University
Safaa
Zahran
Nahed
Morsy
Background: The role of the nurses is one of the challenges facing nursing and medical students entering the clinical phase of their education. Objective: This study designed to assess and compare between the views of nursing and medical students about the nursing’ roles. Methods: This study used descriptive and comparative design. The study carried out at Nursing and Medicine Faculties in Tanta University. The subjects constituted of 100 nursing students and 100 medical students, both of them were undergraduates belonging Tanta University. Data were collected randomly from the last year program of both nursing and medical students. One tool was used to collect necessary data to measure nursing and medical student’s views about nurses’ role. Results: The result indicated that, the majority of nursing and medical students have negative view about nurses’ roles. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study recommended that, there is need to identify the nursing faculty program and joint objectives that can be measured and evaluated to minimize the gap between the views of nurses and medical staff.
Nursing Views
Medical Students Views
Nurses’ Role
2010
07
01
436
451
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20614_e2fa81859706660dd64187f9875e8014.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Improvement of Blood Utilization at a Governmental General Hospital in the State of Kuwait
Talal
Al Fadhalah
Moustafa
Nour El-Din
Rana
Al Abdulrazzak
Background: Red blood cells (RBCs) transfusions have saved lives and expedited the recovery of illnesses to millions of patients. However, RBCs transfusions carry high risk of life threatening complications and economic burden. Objective: The present study aimed at assessing the appropriateness of RBCs transfusion at one Ministry of Health hospital in Kuwait and to assess the effect of multiple interventions for improving the appropriateness of RBCs utilization. Methods: The present study used one group pre-test post-test quasi experimental design. To assess the appropriateness of RBCs transfusions, 185 records were reviewed in each of pre and post intervention phases. Improvement interventions included involvement of hospital administrators and heads of departments, development of the hospital transfusion guidelines, improvement of participant physicians’ knowledge, and improvement of blood transfusion documentation. Results: The present study revealed 22.4% reduction in the total number of RBCs transfusions in the post intervention phase as compared to pre intervention phase. However, low rate of appropriateness of RBCs transfusion in pre intervention phase (40.4%) was encountered which was minimally improved to 46.5% following implementation of multiple improvement interventions. Physicians showed very low compliance with completion of the newly introduced blood transfusion request and consent forms. Conclusion: The appropriateness of red blood cells transfusions at the study hospital is low before and after implementation of the improvement interventions. Documentation of blood transfusion is deficient at the study hospital. It is recommended to strengthen the blood transfusion interventions used in the present study and to implement these interventions in Ministry of Health Hospitals in Kuwait to improve the appropriateness of RBCs transfusions.
improvement
Blood Utilization
Kuwait
2010
07
01
452
474
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20615_0e4452f3d994451ff251be2932b26dd3.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Nurses’ Compliance with Evidence-based Guidelines for Preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critical Care Units
Mohannad
Alhirish
Hayam
Asfour
Azza
El-Soussi
Background: Critically ill patients in critical care units (CCUs) are at high risk for infections associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. The overall infection rate in critically ill patients approaches 40% and may be as high as 50% or 60% in patients who remain in the CCU for more than 5 days. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in mechanically ventilated patients ranges from 8% to 28%. VAP refers to an infection that develops during mechanical ventilation after 48 hours of intubation. Nurses play a pivotal role in decreasing patients’ risk of acquiring VAP. Keeping pace, in this instance, is really about turning focus back to the more basic aspects of critical care nursing. Evidence now demonstrates how important basic nursing care is to the prevention of VAP by using strategies for the prevention of VAP. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess nurses’ compliance of evidence-based guidelines for preventing VAP in CCUs. Methods: The study was conducted at the CCUs of Alexandria Main University Hospital namely, Casualty Intensive Care Unit (unit I) and General Intensive Care Unit (unit III). The sample of this study consisted of 60 nurses working in the previously mentioned CCUs. Two tools were used for data collection VAP Preventive interventions Observation Checklist (VAPPIOC) and VAP knowledge questionnaire (VAPKQ). Results: Nurses had different levels of adherence for many non-pharmacologic strategies. All nurses responses to the questionnaire, rates and reasons for non adherence were addressed. Conclusion: The most important barriers to implementation were environment-related. Other reasons for non-adherence were patient-related barriers being significantly important for nurses. Overall, the most important barriers to adherence were unavailability of resources. Our findings suggest the need for development of guidelines to reduce variability and the need to include the nursing point of view in these guidelines.
nurse
Compliance
Evidence-Based Guidelines
VAP Prevention
CCUs
2010
07
01
475
496
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20616_46d10694e91d614ea33d30c3044aa344.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Compliance of General Surgeons with Safe Surgery in a General Navy Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
Nagwa
Abou El Enein
Ahmed
Fathi
Background: Surgical care is an integral part of health care throughout the world; and is gaining attention from the public health community worldwide. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess compliance and attitudes of the surgeons in the General Navy Hospital toward safe surgery. Methods: Fifty-five general surgical operations, performed in the 3 main operation rooms of the Anesthesia and Operations Department of study hospital were observed to assess the compliance of the operating 11 general surgeons to the WHO safe surgery checklist starting from 15 March 2010 and for three weeks. Five observations were done for each surgeon. WHO checklist divides the operation into three phases namely sign in, time out and sign out, each corresponding to a specific time period in the normal flow of a procedure. All safety practices and steps were weighted equally such that a team was given 1 point for compliance with a practice or process and 0 point for noncompliance and scores could range from 0% to 100%. In order to assess how the safe surgery checklist was perceived, the same 11 general surgeons were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Results: The least aggregate surgeons' compliance was in completing the safety practices comprising 'time out' phase; 56.4% (31 times out of the 55 surgeries). The highest aggregate surgeons' compliance was in completing the safety practices comprising 'sign in' phase was 65.5% (36 times out of the 55 surgeries). While, the aggregate compliance score of the 'sign out' phase was 67.3% (37 times out of the 55 surgeries), and that the overall aggregate compliance score for completing the 19 safety practices comprising the safe surgery checklist was 52.7% (29 surgeries out of the 55 surgeries).Regarding surgeons' attitude to safety practices items, none of the items was rated to be definitely ‘of no importance. Conclusion and Recommendations: Hospitals should consider implementing operating room briefings as a strategy to improve operating room efficiency and clinical and economic outcomes in surgical patients. Surgeons must be committed to the common goals of patient safety to ensure safe surgery.
Attitude
Compliance
Safe surgery
2010
07
01
497
514
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20617_230d23b59fde8308d1b7f1771fbaa6a5.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Serum Levels of Angiopoietin-2 and C-Reactive Protein in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients: Relation to Different Phases of the Disease
Amel
El Naggar
Gihane
Khalil
Hoda
Hamdy
Serum levels of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in 50 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) (30 patients in chronic phase (group A) and 20 patients in advanced phase (group B)) and 15 healthy age and sex matched subjects as a control group, to investigate their relation to different phases of the disease. Serum levels of both Ang-2 and CRP were significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients group compared to controls, and in advanced stage compared to chronic phase. Furthermore a significant positive correlation was detected between Ang-2 and CRP in the whole patients group which could support the hypothesis that CRP might play a role in modulating angiogenesis. The present data suggest that both Ang-2 and CRP could play a role in the leukemic process. Understanding their roles may help in follow-up care and in designing new therapeutic strategies for CML. Furthermore the role of CRP in modulating angiogenesis should not be underestimated.
Angiopoietin-2
C-reactive protein
Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia
2010
07
01
515
527
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20618_3818eaa4c2c3ef75b29764b2c45a8a3a.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Critical Care Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding the "Do Not Resuscitate Status"
Saeer
Taha
Hayam
Asfour
Amal
Attia
Background: Patients in the critical care unit (CCU) are, by definition, the sickest patients in acute care hospitals and face higher risk of death than any other hospital population and usually require advanced life support such as mechanical ventilation, inotropes, or dialysis. Since every day critical care nurses encounter death and dying in the critical care units, Nurses are vital to end-of-life care as they are the ones present at the bedside, they have an opportunity to observe behaviours and actions that are barriers to a peaceful and dignified death while they provide end-of-life care. Do-not-resuscitate orders (DNR) are used in many countries to limit the use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in certain situations. There is still a continuing debate about the ethics, legalities and the appropriate medical indications for use of DNR. The status of DNR can raise many issues for nurses, including ethical dilemmas, conflict, and power struggles among members of the health care team. Objective: This study was carried out to describe critical care nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding the Do not resuscitate (DNR) status in Critical Care Units. A descriptive design was used was conducted in the critical care units of Alexandria Main University Hospital, namely the: Casualty Care Unit (Unit I), General intensive Care Unit (Unit III), Chest intensive Care Unit, Coronary care unit, Neurosurgery intensive Care Unit, Triage and the Burn intensive care unit. Methods: A convenient sample consisting of one hundred and forty (140) critical care nurses working in the previously mentioned intensive care units were included.They were interviewed by using knowledge and attitudes regarding do not resuscitate (DNR) status structured interview schedule. Results: The majority of critical care nurses have knowledge about DNR status regarding the following: the meaning of DNR as withholding CPR, provided care as administering oxygen, the medical management as defibrillation / cardioversion and documentation. Regarding critical care nurses’ attitudes towards DNR status, most of them were of the opinion of continuing monitoring patients' vital signs, providing care as suctioning artificial airway. Conclusions: Clear policy and documentation for DNR statusare suggested to reduce confusion and promoting nurses’ involvement in decision making process of DNR and improving nursing practice.
critical care nurses
Knowledge
Attitudes
"Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) status"
2010
07
01
528
562
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20619_adbaae00086ff947c76ea3d4b2c52779.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Hepatitis G Virus Infection in Patients with Hepatitis C
Heba
Selim
Mohamed
El Barrawy
Osama
Mohamed
Marwa
Gamal El-Din
Background: Hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection is a worldwide health problem causing acute and chronic non A-E hepatitis. Because HGV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) share same modes of transmission, co-infection with the two viruses is not uncommon especially among people at high risk of parenteral infection. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HGV among HCV virus cases, and to determine the degree of concurrent association between HGV and other prevalent infections in Egypt as Schistosoma, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Methods: This study included 100 blood donors attending Alexandria University Blood Bank in EL Shatby, proved to be positive for HCV antibodies by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) technique. Blood samples were collected and tested for the detection of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and Schistosoma antibodies by ELISA technique and HGV RNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results: Out of 100 anti-HCV positive blood donors, 39(39%) had HGV RNA in their serum, of them 10 (25.6%) were positive for HBsAg, on the other hand 34(87.2%) were positive for Schistosoma antibodies. Conclusion and Recommendations: From this study it could be concluded that HGV is a common co-infection in HCV cases, however there was no significant statistical relation between the presence of HGV RNA and the presence of HBsAg and /or Schistosoma antibodies. Screening for HGV among blood donors in addition to the routinely screened HBV and HCV may have a beneficial effect in reducing its transmission among the population.
Hepatitis G Virus
Infection
hepatitis C
Schistosoma
2010
07
01
563
572
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20620_1bcf66bf013927a45b6effc0b4ff1354.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Knowledge and Attitude towards Smoking among Fayoum University Students
Naglaa
El Sherbiny
Assem
El Essawy
Ekram
Abdel Khalek
Background: Smoking is a behavioral cause of premature morbidity and mortality, resulting in approximately four million persons dying of smoking-related diseases annually worldwide. Objective: This study aims to investigate the extent of smoking habit, knowledge toward smoking among Fayoum University students. Methods: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted in Fayoum University during the academic year 2010. A total of 804 students were selected by using randomized multi-stage sampling using self-administered questionnaire for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: The respondents age ranged from 18 to 26 years 20.36 ± (1.21) years. The males were 51% (n=410) and females were 49% (n=394). The prevalence of smoking among students was 13.4%. a large percentage of the smokers 82.4% used cigarettes while 8.3% smoked water pipe. Regarding knowledge about smoking related diseases, 97.3% of the students knew that smoking causes diseases; but only 5.6% of the sample had good/and satisfactory knowledge score about the causal role of tobacco in the development of specific diseases, and 66.7% of smoker students want to quit with a higher intention of for older group. Conclusion: Smoking is prevalent among the university students and their knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking is generally superficial. Definite counseling programs are greatly needed to help students quit smoking.
Smoking
university students
Knowledge
Attitudes
2010
07
01
573
585
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20621_c7d1899a177a79261fcb04db8b0092b9.pdf
Journal of High Institute of Public Health
2357-0601
2357-0601
2010
40
3
Biological Monitoring of Fuel Stations Workers Occupationally Exposed to Petroleum Products
Khaled
El-Said
Amr
El-Noueam
Background: The increased use of petroleum products in automobiles and industry has led to the deterioration in air quality and human health. Petrol (or gasoline) is a volatile and inflammable petroleum derived liquid mixture primarily used for internal combustion of engines. Occupational exposure to gasoline and air pollutant from vehicular sources are relatively unexplored. Objective: The main purpose of this study was conducting biological monitoring for petrol workers occupationally exposed to petroleum product and air pollutants. Methods: The study was conducted on fifty male workers employed in petrol filler stations and fifty subjects were recruited as a control group matched for age, sex and socio-economic status. Results: The results revealed that presence of high significant association in the levels of liver enzymes and some haematological changes among exposed workers. In addition to the significant decline in the lung function. A significant increase in urinary phenol as a biomarker of benzene exposure was found. Sulphur dioxide nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide did not exceed the standards indoor air quality guidelines. However, particulate matter exceeded the limits as indoor air quality guidelines. This study demonstrated that it is possible to detect human health risks at an early stage using sensitive techniques. Conclusion: Petrol pump workers should be carefully monitored and should take adequate protective measures to prevent long term effects.
Biological Monitoring
Fuel Stations Workers
Occupational Exposure
Petroleum Products
2010
07
01
586
595
https://jhiphalexu.journals.ekb.eg/article_20622_a65133d3da702c28dfb205a02a387c5c.pdf