Biological Monitoring of Fuel Stations Workers Occupationally Exposed to Petroleum Products

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Occupational Health and Air pollution (Division of Occupational Hygiene and Air pollution), High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

2 Professor of Physiology, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

Abstract

Background: The increased use of petroleum products in automobiles and industry has led to the deterioration in air quality and human health. Petrol (or gasoline) is a volatile and inflammable petroleum derived liquid mixture primarily used for internal combustion of engines. Occupational exposure to gasoline and air pollutant from vehicular sources are relatively unexplored. Objective: The main purpose of this study was conducting biological monitoring for petrol workers occupationally exposed to petroleum product and air pollutants. Methods: The study was conducted on fifty male workers employed in petrol filler stations and fifty subjects were recruited as a control group matched for age, sex and socio-economic status. Results: The results revealed that presence of high significant association in the levels of liver enzymes and some haematological changes among exposed workers. In addition to the significant decline in the lung function. A significant increase in urinary phenol as a biomarker of benzene exposure was found. Sulphur dioxide nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide did not exceed the standards indoor air quality guidelines. However, particulate matter exceeded the limits as indoor air quality guidelines. This study demonstrated that it is possible to detect human health risks at an early stage using sensitive techniques. Conclusion: Petrol pump workers should be carefully monitored and should take adequate protective measures to prevent long term effects.

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